More than half of South African women diagnosed with breast cancer only discover the disease once it reaches an advanced stage, when survival rates drop dramatically.
In a country where 84% of the population relies on an overstretched public healthcare system, early detection remains a privilege rather than a standard of care. Closing this healthcare gap isn't just a seasonal campaign; it is a matter of life and death.
As Women's Month draws to a close, honouring the 1956 Women’s March for basic rights and dignity, the reality for many women today is that equal access to life-saving breast cancer care is still out of reach.
A big part of the problem comes down to healthcare access.
With 84% of South Africans relying on an overstretched public health system, access to specialist screening, diagnosis, and treatment remains out of reach for most. According to Novartis South Africa, only 16% of the population can afford private care.
Because of these barriers, the research indicates that between 50% and 57% of South African women diagnosed with breast cancer only learn they have the disease when it has already reached an advanced stage, significantly reducing their chances of survival and increasing the risk of the cancer coming back.
According to the Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA), breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in South Africa, with a lifetime risk of 1 in 27.
“Early detection can make a significant difference to breast cancer outcomes, but this is only possible when women can access the care and support they need," says Dr Renata Maharaj, head of medical affairs at Novartis South Africa.
"Encouraging greater awareness of breast health, while improving access to screening and diagnostic services, remains critical to helping more women receive a diagnosis before the disease progresses."
Breaking down barriers to early detection
Where a woman lives and the medical care available to her heavily impact her health. Limited screening services and long delays lead to late diagnoses across the country.
A study conducted at the specialist breast cancer clinic at Mankweng Hospital in Limpopo found that 76% of patients presented with late-stage disease.
Researchers pointed to a lack of awareness and delays in seeking help as main reasons for these late diagnoses.
To fix this, South Africa needs a group effort.
Fortunately, non-profits are stepping up, especially in under-resourced areas, by using mobile clinics to bring free or affordable screening and education straight to communities that lack local services.
Knowing your body matters
While fixing system-level access is vital, personal awareness is just as critical.
Paying attention to your body and knowing what is normal for you helps you notice unusual changes early.
If you notice a lump, changes in breast size or shape, skin changes or ongoing discomfort, getting checked by a professional right away can save your life.
The journey doesn't end after treatment
Care doesn't stop once treatment finishes.
Ongoing follow-up appointments and check-ups are essential to monitor recovery and spot any new concerns early.
“The risk of recurrence remains a reality for some patients, which is why ongoing monitoring and follow-up care continue to play an important role after treatment.
"Staying engaged with your healthcare team and attending recommended follow-up appointments can help ensure that any concerns are identified and addressed as early as possible,” says Maharaj.
To encourage these lifelong health habits, Novartis South Africa launched the #LoveTheBreast campaign. Supported by female sports advocates, the campaign aims to break the taboo around breast health, spark open conversations, and empower women to seek regular screenings and listen to their bodies.
“Breast health is about more than screening or treatment; it is about creating a culture of awareness, openness and proactive care. When women have access to information, support and healthcare services, they are better equipped to make informed decisions about their health and wellbeing.
"Every conversation about breast health is an opportunity to encourage awareness, understanding and action,” says Maharaj.
Common myths and facts about breast cancer
Myth: Only middle-aged and older women are diagnosed with breast cancer.
Fact: Breast cancer is more common in middle-aged and older women, but younger women can also be diagnosed with breast cancer.
Myth: Only females get breast cancer.
Fact: Although breast cancer is more common in females, males can also develop breast cancer. Treatment is similar for women and men.
Myth: Only women with a family history are at risk of developing breast cancer.
Fact: Women with a family history of breast cancer do have a higher risk of being diagnosed with breast cancer. However, most women with breast cancer do not have a family history of the disease. Approximately 10% of breast cancers are hereditary.
Myth: All breast lumps are cancerous.
Fact: A breast lump could mean cancer, but there are other non-cancerous causes of breast lumps, including cysts (accumulation of fluid), fibroadenomas (benign breast lumps) or scar tissue. You must see a doctor if you detect a breast lump or any changes in your breast so that cancer can be excluded.
Myth: All breast cancers are the same and receive the same treatment.
Fact: There are different types of breast cancer. This is why a biopsy is important, as it gives specific information about the type of breast cancer. This will then guide treatment. It is also important to establish the stage of breast cancer, as this will also influence treatment and prognosis.
alyssia.birjalal@nationalmg.co.za